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About
the HDI
Human Development Index (HDI) is a measure of any progress
of change in human development. It is measured by taking the
average of (1) life expectancy; (2) weighted average of functional
literacy and combined elementary and secondary net enrolment
rate; and (3) real per capita income.
The HDI is computed and published every three years by the
National Statistical Coordination Board.
It coincides with the Family Income and Expenditure Survey
(FIES) of the National Statistics Office and Poverty Statistics
by the NSCB.
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Table
1: Human Development Index by Province
Region VIII, 1997 and 2000
|
|
Province
|
HDI
|
Rank
|
|
1997
|
2000
|
1997
|
2000
|
| Philippines |
0.629
|
0.656
|
|
|
| Leyte |
0.523
|
0.563
|
56
|
49
|
| Biliran |
0.530
|
0.560
|
52
|
51
|
| Southern
Leyte |
0.553
|
0.595
|
37
|
31
|
| Samar |
0.493
|
0.511
|
67
|
70
|
| Eastern
Samar |
0.511
|
0.538
|
62
|
62
|
| Northern
Samar |
0.483
|
0.527
|
69
|
66
|
| Rank of the six provinces
in the region from among the 77 provinces in the country, arranged
from highest to lowest HDI. |
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Table
2. Life Expectancy Index by Province
Region
VIII: 1997 and 2000
|
| Province |
Life
Expectancy (in years)
|
Index
|
|
1997
|
2000
|
1997
|
2000
|
| Philippines |
68.03
|
68.94
|
0.717
|
0.73
|
| |
|
|
|
|
| Leyte |
66.53
|
67.58
|
0.690
|
0.71
|
| Biliran |
66.53
|
67.59
|
0.690
|
0.71
|
| Southern
Leyte |
65.56
|
66.68
|
0.680
|
0.69
|
| Samar |
61.26
|
62.67
|
0.600
|
0.63
|
| Eastern
Samar |
61.99
|
63.35
|
0.620
|
0.64
|
| Northern
Samar |
62.41
|
63.78
|
0.620
|
0.65
|
| Life
expectancy refers to the average number of years a person is
expected to live from the time of his/her birth;also referred
to as life expectancy at birth. |
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Table
3. Education Index by Province
Region VIII:1997 and
2000
|
| Province |
Combined
Enrolment Rate
|
Functional
Literacy
|
Index
|
|
1997
|
2000
|
1997
|
2000
|
1997
|
2000
|
| Philippines |
82.9
|
84.5
|
83.79
|
83.79
|
0.835
|
0.84
|
| |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| Leyte |
75.9
|
78.2
|
79.45
|
79.45
|
0.783
|
0.790
|
| Biliran |
82.6
|
86.0
|
79.45
|
79.45
|
0.805
|
0.816
|
| Southern
Leyte |
80.1
|
87.9
|
86.35
|
86.35
|
0.843
|
0.869
|
| Samar |
76.1
|
77.5
|
76.41
|
76.41
|
0.763
|
0.768
|
| Eastern
Samar |
90.7
|
87.2
|
86.25
|
86.25
|
0.877
|
0.866
|
| Northern
Samar |
80.3
|
80.9
|
73.63
|
73.63
|
0.759
|
0.761
|
Combined
Enrolment Rate refers to the ratio of the sum of elementary
and secondary enrolment in the corresponding age group that
should beenrolled
at those levels to the sum of corresponding school age population.
Functional Literacy represents a significantly higher level
of literacy that includes reading, writing, and numeracy skills.
These skills must be sufficiently advanced to enable the individual
to participate fully and efeectively in activities commonly
occuring in his life situation that requirea reasonable capability
beyond oral and written communication. |
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Table
4. Income Index by Province
Region VIII: 1997 and 2000
|
| Province |
Real
Per Capita Income
|
Index
|
| 1997 |
2000 |
1997 |
2000 |
| Philippines |
21,877 |
21,104 |
0.336 |
0.394 |
| Leyte |
12,074 |
13,267 |
0.096 |
0.190 |
| Biliran |
11,992 |
11,848 |
0.094 |
0.153 |
| Southern
Leyte |
13,865 |
14,474 |
0.140 |
0.222 |
| Samar |
12,776 |
11,206 |
0.113 |
0.137 |
| Eastern
Samar |
9,821 |
10,138 |
0.040 |
0.109 |
| Northern
Samar |
10,964 |
12,640 |
0.068 |
0.174 |
| Real per capita income
is derived by deflating the average per capita income data generated
from the Family Income
and Expenditures Survey (FICS) using the corresponding provincial
consumer price index with 1994 as the base year. |
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Table
5. Human Development Index by Component and by Province
Region VIII: 2000
|
|
Province
|
Life
Expectancy
|
Education
|
Real
Per
Capita
Income
|
Income
Index
|
HDI
|
|
Level
(in
years)
|
Index
|
Combined
Enrolment
Rate
|
Functional
Literacy
|
Index
|
| Philippines |
68.94 |
0.73 |
84.5 |
83.79 |
0.84 |
21,104 |
0.394 |
0.656 |
| Leyte |
67.58 |
0.71 |
78.2 |
79.45 |
0.790 |
13,267 |
0.190 |
0.563 |
| Biliran |
67.59 |
0.71 |
86.0 |
79.45 |
0.816 |
11,848 |
0.153 |
0.56 |
| Southern
Leyte |
66.68 |
0.69 |
87.9 |
86.35 |
0.869 |
14,474 |
0.222 |
0.595 |
| Samar |
62.67 |
0.63 |
77.5 |
76.41 |
0.768 |
11,206 |
0.137 |
0.511 |
| Eastern
Samar |
63.35 |
0.64 |
87.2 |
86.25 |
0.866 |
10,138 |
0.109 |
0.538 |
| Northern
Samar |
63.78 |
0.65 |
80.9 |
73.63 |
0.761 |
12,640 |
0.174 |
0.527 |
Life expectancy refers
to the average number of years a person is expected to live
from the time of his/her birth.
Combined Enrolment Rate refers to the ratio of the sum of elementary
and secondary enrolment in the corresponding age group that
should be enrolled at those levels to the sum of corresponding
school age population.
Functional literacy represents a significantly higher level
of literacy that includes reading, writing and numeracy skills.
These skills must be sufficiently advanced to enable the individual
to
participate fully and effectively in activities commonly occuring
in his life situation that require a reasonable capability beyond
oral and written communication.
Real per capita income is derived by deflating the average per
capita income data generated from the Family Income and Expenditures
Survey (FIES) using the corresponding provincial
consumer price index with 1994 as the base year.
HDI is measured by taking the average of (1) life expectancy;
(2) weighted average of functional literacy and combined elementary
and secondary net enrolment rate; and (3) real per capita income. |
SAMPLE COMPUTATION
OF THE 1997 HUMAN DEVELOPMENT INDEX
FOR THE PROVINCE OF LEYTE
FORMULA:
( I1 + I2 + I3 )
HDI = ----------------
3
where:
a) I1 = Life Expectancy Index
( H - Hmin )
I1 = ------------------
(Hmax - Hmin)
Given:
H = 66.53 (life expectancy for the province of Leyte in year 1997.
This data is available at NSO and NSCB)
Hmax = 85 years
Hmin = 25 years
Note: The minimum and maximum
values adopted for life expectancy at birth are based on the value
being used by UNDP and HDN.
Computation:
(66.53 - 25 years)
I1 = ------------------------------
(85 years - 25 years)
41.53
= -----------------
60
= .692
b) I2 = Education Index
I2 = 2/3 ( E1) + 1/3 ( E2 )
Where:
E1 = index for functional literacy
(Lit - Litmin)
E1 = ---------------------
( Litmax - Litmin)
Given:
79.45 = 1997 Literacy rate
for the province of Leyte. This data can
be obtain from NSO or NSCB.
Litmin = 0
Litmax = 100
Note: Literacy refers to functional
literacy
(79.45 - 0 )
E1 = ---------------
( 100 - 0 )
= .7945
E2 = index for combined elementary and secondary net enrolmentrate
rate
(Enrol - Enrolmin)
E2 = -----------------------
(Enrolmax - Enrolmin)
Note: Enrolment refers to
the combined Enrolment for elementary and secondary net enrolment
rate
Given :
Enrolment for Leyte Province is 79.45 for 1997
Enrolmax = 100
Enrolmix = 0
Computation
(75.9 - 0)
E2 = ------------------ = .7549
(100 - 0 )
I2 = 2/3 (.7945) + 1/3 (.759)
= .52966 + .253
= .78266
c) I3 = Income Index
(Y - Ymin)
I3 = ----------------
(Ymax - Ymin)
where
Y = P12,074 real per capital
income for the province of Leyte. Data is
Is available at NSO or NSCB by province
Ymax = P48,930 (1997)
Ymin = P8,181 (1997)
Note: The maximum and minimum
values set for the income indicator are the highest and lowest values
of real income per capital actually attained by the province for
a particular reference year. As suggested by the Human Development
Network (HDN), the National Capital Region was treated as one of
the provinces in determining the maxima and minima. Hence, the NCR
real income figure were adopted as the maxima value in the computation
of the HDI for all provinces.
Computation:
(P12,074 - P8,181)
I3 = --------------------------
(P48,930 - P8,181)
P3,893
= ----------
P40,749
= .0955
THEREFORE:
(.692 + .782 + .0955)
HDI = ------------------------------
3
1.57016
= ---------------- = .5233
3
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